Infographics

Arts Participation During COVID in the midst of the pandemic ^*

In the last 12 months^* ...

…go in person to a live music, theater, or dance performance?	…go in person to an art exhibit, such as paintings, sculpture, textiles, graphic design, or photography?	…go to the movies?
49.65 %	30.52 %	53.62 %

Were any of those activities outdoors?
57.62 %

…visit or tour an online art museum, gallery, or exhibition?	…watch or listen to a live-streamed event featuring a music, theater, or dance performance?	…watch or listen to an archived web event featuring a music, theater, or dance performance?
25.02 %	42.99 %	69.86 %

^* The 2022 GSS Arts Module was conducted between July 11th and September 21st, 2022. Respondents were asked to report their participation over the past 12 months (July 2021 - September 2022).

About the 2022 GSS Arts Module: Sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts, the 2022 GSS Arts Module was fielded between July 11th and September 21st, 2022, as a web-only follow-on study to the GSS and included questions about changes in individual's recreational activities before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2022 module also asked respondents to compare their participation in such activities at the time of the survey to their participation from March 2020-March 2021, the first year of the pandemic. For more detail, check out the NEA Research Brief, Online Audiences for Arts Programming: A Survey of Virtual Participation Amid COVID-19.

U.S. Arts Economy in 2021

Based on the NEA’s 2021 ACPSA Brief and Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account, United States, 1998-2021 (ICPSR 36357).

Fact 1

The arts and cultural industries contributed 4.4% of GDP (just over $1.0 trillion) in 2021.

Fact 2

The arts and cultural industries? value added to the U.S. economy was in 3rd place of selected industries after health care & social assistance and retail trade, and more than agriculture/forestry/fishing; mining; outdoor recreation; and transportation and warehousing.

Fact 3

The arts and cultural industries? contribution to the U.S. economy rose by 13.7 percent between 2020 and 2021 (a record year of expansion for the sector!), while the overall U.S. economy grew by 5.9 percent in the same timeframe.

Fact 4

Most arts and cultural industries restored or exceeded pre-pandemic levels of economic activity. In total, 22 out of 35 arts industries surpassed 2019 and 2020 levels. Arts industries that did exceptionally well were: publishing and streaming; traditional and software publishing; creative advertising; and specialized design services.

Fact 5

Ten arts and cultural industries saw 2021 economic gains, but not enough to equal 2019 levels: independent writers, artists, and performers; performing arts organizations; fine arts schools; custom architectural woodwork and metalwork manufacturing; musical instruments manufacturing; and theatrical ticket agencies.

Fact 6

Two arts and cultural industries saw persistent declines in economic value from 2019 through 2021: arts-related construction and philanthropic services (grant-making and giving).

Fact 7

Arts and cultural industries saw 5% increase in jobs in 2021, compared with a 3.1% growth rate for all U.S. industry jobs over the same period. Nevertheless, total arts employment has not recovered to the 2019 (pre-pandemic) level of 5.2 million jobs, only reaching just under 4.9 million workers in 2021.

Arts-related Kickstarter Campaign Success Rates, 2009-2020

Based on Kickstarter Data, Global, 2009-2020 (ICPSR 38050)

Dance, comics, theater, and music Kickstarter projects have the highest percentage of successful campaigns. With 79% of canceled, failed, or suspended projects, technology has been one of the most challenging types of projects to launch with crowdfunding.

Chart data:

Average Annual Consumer Expenditures on Select Cultural Activities, 2017-2021

Statistics for this graph are drawn from the Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170), produced by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, that show annual means for a detailed list of spending categories for U.S. household units.

Average Annual Consumer Expenditures on Select Cultural Activities, 2017-2021 (U.S. households)

Artists Employment: 2016-2020 Trends

The total number of employed artists has been showing a slight downward trend between 2017 and 2020. Also, the unemployment percentage of artists in the U.S. labor force has been fluctuating greatly between 2016 and 2020, reaching its lowest point of 2.7 percent in 2018. The rate reached 10.3 percent in 2020.

NUMBER OF EMPLOYED ARTISTS

• 2020: 2,309,000
• 2019: 2,411,000
• 2018: 2,477,000
• 2017: 2,481,000
• 2016: 2,448,000

UNEMPLOYMENT PERCENTAGE

• 2020: 10.3%
• 2019: 3.7%
• 2018: 2.7%
• 2017: 4.0%
• 2016: 4.9%

The source of these statistics is the Current Population Survey (CPS). Several CPS supplements are available through NADAC.

Americans' Participation in Arts Activities, 2020

This graphic depiction of data from the Arts Basic Survey (ABS), 2020 shows that reading one or more novels, short stories, poems, or plays has been the most frequent form of arts participation among respondents to the survey. The next most popular activity was attending a live music, theater, or dance performance.

• Read one or more novels, short stories, poems, or plays 39.9%
• Attended a live music, theater, or dance performance 32.2%
• Went to an art exhibit 20.2%
• Took photographs as an artistic activity 10.4%
• Played a musical instrument 9.6%
• Performed or practiced singing 7.9%

This infographic is to the following data collection: Arts Basic Survey (ABS), 2020 (ICPSR 37583). The ABS, 2020 was conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau as a supplement to the Current Population Survey. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

Imports and Exports of Arts and Cultural Goods and Services, 2019

Imports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $9,357
• Advertising: $4,257
• Jewelry & Silverware: $11,837
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $1,837

Exports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $17,501
• Advertising: $16,924
• Jewelry & Silverware: $8,146
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $3,332

In 2019, these arts and culture related commodities generated approximately $27 billion in imports and $46 billion in exports for the U.S. economy. Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the 2019 National Data Table 3: Supply and Consumption of Commodities.

The Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ACPSA) is produced through the partnership between U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). Built with the BEA's input-output (I-O) accounts, the ACPSA provides detailed statistics that illustrate the impact of arts and cultural production on the U.S. economy. Specifically, this account provides an assessment of the arts and cultural sector's contributions to gross domestic product (GDP).

These infographic is related to the following data collection:
Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ICPSR 36357)

Consumer Expenditures on Cultural Activities 2019

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the 2019 Consumer Units Prepublication Means, Variances, and Percent reporting (MVP) Table produced by the BLS. The table shows annual detailed expenditure means, standard errors, coefficients of variation, and weekly (D) or quarterly (I) percents reporting for all U. S. consumer units.

• Performing arts: $62.69
• Tickets to sporting events: $54.29
• Admissions to movie theaters: $40.75

These infographic is related to the following data collection:
Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170)

COVID-19 Effects on Small Business in the Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Sector

Significantly more small businesses in the arts sector perceive that they have been negatively impacted by the pandemic and that, overall, it will take them longer to recover than the national average for small businesses.

• Overall Large negative effect by the Coronavirus pandemic

  Arts sector - 60%
  National average - 30%

• Longer than 6 months before business recovers

  Arts sector - 61%
  National average - 45%

The infographic is related to the following data collection:
Small Business Pulse Survey (SBPS): Tracking Changes During The Coronavirus Pandemic (ICPSR 37868). Data Range: 10/04/20 - 10/12/20.

The Small Business Pulse Survey (SBPS) is produced by the Census Bureau and measures the effect of changing business conditions during the Coronavirus pandemic on our nation's small businesses.

The 2016 GSS Cultural Module data also asked who the respondent attended with, if the performance attended was free, factors that impacted the decision to attend or not attend, and demographic information including age, sex, race, and income.

For more information about SBPS please visit the Small Business Pulse Survey site.

General Social Survey with Arts Module, United States, 2016

Percent of survey respondents who in the past year:

Of the 41% who attended a live performance: the performance attended was dance 18%, theater 39%, and music 66%.

The General Social Survey (GSS) collects information from the general public on a wide variety of subjects, including attitudes toward social issues, religion, education, jobs and the economy, government and other institutions, politics, and policy issues. The GSS 2016 included an "Arts Module," a battery of questions focused on culture and the arts.

Art exhibits included those for painting, sculpture, textiles, graphic design, and photography.

Live performances included music, theater, and dance, and did not include elementary or high school performances.

The 2016 GSS Cultural Module data also asked who the respondent attended with, if the performance attended was free, factors that impacted the decision to attend or not attend, and demographic information including age, sex, race, and income.

These Infographics were taken from the General Social Survey with Arts Module, United States, 2016. Data are weighted.

These Infographics are related to the following dataset:
General Social Survey with Arts Module, United States, 2016 (ICPSR 37701)

Consumer Expenditures on Cultural Activities 2018

The United States consumers' total aggregate spending on Fees and admissions was $100.1 in 2018. The spending ranged from a low of $6.0 in the lowest income quintile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $53.7 in the highest income quintile (the highest 20 percent). All dollar amounts are in million dollar increments.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170)

Arts Basic Survey, 2018

This graphic depiction of data from the Arts Basic Survey, 2018, shows that social dancing is the frequent form of arts participation among respondents to the survey. The next highest are photography and singing.

The Arts Basic Survey (ABS), 2018 was conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau as a supplement to the Current Population Survey. These data were responses from two sets of survey questionnaires, the basic Current Population Survey (CPS) and a survey administered as a supplement to the February 2018 basic CPS questionnaire. The supplement, on the topic of public participation in the arts in the United States, was sponsored by the National Endowment for the Arts.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Arts Basic Survey (ICPSR 37583)

Consumer Expenditures on Cultural Activities 2017

The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) program provides information on the buying habits of American consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics. The survey data are collected for the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the United States Census Bureau. The CE collects all on all spending components including food, housing, apparel and services, transportation, entertainment, and out-of-pocket health care costs.

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the unpublished integrated CE tables produced by the BLS. The tables used for this infographic provide data for the year 2017. The tables show average and percentile expenditures for detailed items, as well as the standard error and coefficient of variation (CV) for each spending estimate.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170)

Arts Attendance in the United States in 2017

In 2017, 53.8 percent of U.S. adults, or 132.3 million people, attended a visual or performing arts activity at least once.

Live Performing Arts: 43.4 percent of U.S. adults, or 106.8 million people, attended at least one of the live performing arts events, such as outdoor performing arts festivals musical plays, non-musical plays, ballet, and opera.

Visual Arts: 42.3 percent of U.S. adults or 102.5 million people attended at least one visual arts event, including tours at parks, monuments, buildings or neighborhoods for historic or design value; craft fairs or visual arts festivals; and museums and galleries.

The Survey of Public Participation in the Arts in 2017, administered in July 2017, examined American adults' participation in the arts and other leisure activities. Most SPPA questions asked about arts participation in the last 12 months. A total of 147,629 U.S. adults responded. If the selected respondent had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

The 2017 SPPA included two core components: a questionnaire used in previous years to ask about arts attendance and literary reading, and a newer survey about arts attendance, venues visited, and motivations for attending art events. In addition, the SPPA supplement included five modules designed to capture other types of arts participation as well as participation in other leisure activities. Questions included items on the frequency of participation, types of artistic activities, training and exposure, musical and artistic preferences, school-age socialization, and computer and device usage related to the arts.

NOTES:
For all types of performing arts event?except outdoor performing arts festivals?survey respondents were asked to exclude elementary or high school performances.

The statistics for the infographic were taken from U.S. Trends in Arts Attendance and Literary Reading: 2002-2017: A First Look at Results from the 2017 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (NEA Report; September 2018).

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (SPPA), 2017 [United States] (ICPSR 37138)

Arts Institutions Adding Value to Communities, 2015

In 2015, 87 percent of adults living in the United States believe the arts are important to the quality of life, and 82 percent believe the arts are important to local businesses and the economy.

Research by Americans for the Arts for Public Opinion Poll: Americans Speak Out About the Arts provides an in-depth look at the perceptions and attitudes about the arts in the United States. An Americans for the Arts and Ipsos Public Affairs survey of more than 3,000 American adults in 2015 provides current insight on topics including support for arts education and government arts funding, personal engagement in the arts, the personal benefits and well-being that come from engaging in the arts, and if/how those benefits extend more broadly to the community.

The purpose of this study is to measure the following from the public's perspective: (1) personal engagement in the arts as attender, collector, and creator; (2) support for arts education and government arts funding; (3) opinions on the personal and well-being benefits that come from engaging in the arts; and (4) if and how those personal benefits extend to the community.

Statistics for this infographic were taken from Americans Speak Out About the Arts: An In-Depth Look at Perceptions and Attitudes about the Arts in America (published in July 2016).

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Public Opinion Poll: Americans Speak Out About the Arts (ICPSR 36996)

Supporting the Arts in Communities, 2015

In 2015, 53 percent of U.S. Local Art Agencies provided financial support to arts organizations and/or individual artists.

The purpose of the 2015 Local Arts Agency (LAA) Census was to characterize the different ways that LAAs perform their vital roles in every community. LAAs share the goals of enabling diverse forms of arts and culture to thrive locally, ensuring broad accessibility to the public, and building healthier communities through the arts.

Statistics for this infographic were taken from the 2015 Local Arts Agency Census Report (published in May 2016).

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
2015 Local Arts Agency Census, United States (ICPSR 37041)

Imports and Exports of Arts and Cultural Goods and Services, 2015 (in millions)

Exports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $17,882
• Advertising: $9,318
• Jewelry & Silverware: $8,663
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $3,422

Imports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $5,951
• Advertising: $3,389
• Jewelry & Silverware: $14,374
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $1,746

In 2015, these arts and culture related commodities generated about $25 billion in imports and over $39 billion in exports for the U.S. economy. Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the 2015 National Data Table 3: Supply and Consumprion of Commodities.

The Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ACPSA) is produced through the partnership between U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). Built with the BEA's input-output (I-O) accounts, the ACPSA provides detailed statistics that illustrate the impact of arts and cultural production on the U.S. economy. Specifically, this account provides an assessment of the arts and cultural sector's contributions to gross domestic product (GDP).

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ICPSR 36357)

Consumer Expenditures on Entertainment in 2016

Plays, theater, opera, concerts
The United States consumers spent an average of $55.32 on admissions to plays, theater, opera, and concerts in 2016. The spending ranged from a low of $14.45 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $155.69 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

Movies, parks, museums
The United States consumers spent an average of $63.29 on admissions to movies, parks, and museums in 2016. The spending ranged from a low of $18.26 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $142.14 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) program provides information on the buying habits of American consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics. The survey data are collected for the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the United States Census Bureau. The CE collects all on all spending components including food, housing, apparel and services, transportation, entertainment, and out-of-pocket health care costs.

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the unpublished integrated CE tables produced by the BLS. The tables used for this infographic provide data for the year 2016. The tables show average and percentile expenditures for detailed items, as well as the standard error and coefficient of variation (CV) for each spending estimate.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170)

Reading for Leisure in 2015

Average time US Adults spent per day reading for leisure in 2015:

All Age Groups:

• Weekday: 19 minutes
• Weekend/Holiday: 20 minutes

Age 75+:

• Weekday: 59 minutes
• Weekend/Holiday: 65 minutes

Of all age groups in 2015, US adults who were 75 and older had the highest average time reading for leisure.

NOTE: Data used for these statistics refer to the civilian population ages 15 years and over. These averages refer to time spent reading for leisure as a primary activity only. A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. All major activities categories include related travel times.

The American Time Use Survey (ATUS) measures the amount of time people spend doing various activities, such as work and work-related activities, personal care, household activities, consumer purchases, volunteering, and caring for and helping household members. Respondents were also asked about arts-related activities including sports, recreation, socializing, relaxing, arts and crafts, and music appreciation. Additionally, the study provides demographic information--including sex, race, age, educational attainment, occupation, income, marital status, and the presence of children in the household.

For ATUS 2003-2015, 170,842 respondents were randomly selected from a subset of households that have completed their eighth and final month of interviews for the Current Population Survey (CPS). Respondents were interviewed only one time about how they spent their time on the previous day, where they were, and whom they were with.

Statistics for this infographic were taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Economic News Release: American Time Use Survey Summary in Table 11 (last modified on June 24, 2016).

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
0American Time Use Survey, 2003-2015 [United States]: Arts Activities (ICPSR 36268)

Personal Performance or Creation of Artworks in 2014

In 2014, nearly 108 million people (45% adults) personally performed or created artworks.

In 2014, 45 percent of U.S. adults, nearly 108 million people, personally performed or created artworks. These activities may have included: playing a musical instrument; performing or practicing singing; doing acting or dancing; making visual art (including paintings, sculpture, photography, and films); doing crafts; or doing creative writing.

The 2014 Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) studied American adults' participation in various artistic activities from February 2013 through February 2014. A total of 150,443 U.S. adults responded to the 2014 AABS. If the selected person had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

These statistics were taken from Research Brief #2: Personal Performance or Creation of Artworks through Arts Data Profile #10 on the National Endowment for the Arts website.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS), 2014 (ICPSR 36413)

Imports and Exports of Arts and Cultural Goods and Services, 2014 (in millions)

Exports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $16,402
• Advertising: $8,020
• Jewelry & Silverware: $8,241
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $3,575

Imports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $4,668
• Advertising: $2,983
• Jewelry & Silverware: $11,477
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $1,677

In 2014, these arts and culture related commodities generated about $21 billion in imports and over $35 billion in exports for the U.S. economy. Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the 2014 National Data Table 3: Supply and Consumprion of Commodities.

The Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ACPSA) is produced through the partnership between U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). Built with the BEA's input-output (I-O) accounts, the ACPSA provides detailed statistics that illustrate the impact of arts and cultural production on the U.S. economy. Specifically, this account provides an assessment of the arts and cultural sector's contributions to gross domestic product (GDP).

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ICPSR 36357)

Consumer Expenditures on Entertainment in 2015

Plays, theater, opera, concerts

The United States consumers spent an average of $45.60 on admissions to plays, theater, opera, and concerts in 2015. The spending ranged from a low of $10.47 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $126.81 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

Movies, parks, museums

The United States consumers spent an average of $59.50 on admissions to movies, parks, and museums in 2015. The spending ranged from a low of $17.47 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $131.77 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) program provides information on the buying habits of American consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics. The survey data are collected for the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the United States Census Bureau. The CE collects all on all spending components including food, housing, apparel and services, transportation, entertainment, and out-of-pocket health care costs.

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the unpublished integrated CE tables produced by the BLS. The tables used for this infographic provide data for the year 2015. The tables show average and percentile expenditures for detailed items, as well as the standard error and coefficient of variation (CV) for each spending estimate.

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170)

Time Spent Per Day Watching TV by Quarter in 2015

Time spent watching TV on an average day each quarter varied seasonally. During quarters I and IV, which occur in the winter and fall, respondents spent more than 174 minutes watching TV on average. During quarters II and III, which occur in the spring and summer, respondents watched less than 158 minutes of TV on average. This suggests that on average respondents watched TV over 15 minutes more a day in colder seasons than warmer ones.

Watching TV includes watching television and movies.

NOTE: Data used for these statistics refer to the civilian population ages 15 years and over. These averages refer to time spent watching TV as a primary activity only. A primary activity refers to an individual's main activity. Other activities done simultaneously are not included. All major activities categories include related travel times. See Technical Note for activity category definitions. These estimates are not seasonally adjusted.

The American Time Use Survey (ATUS) measures the amount of time people spend doing various activities, such as work and work-related activities, personal care, household activities, consumer purchases, volunteering, and caring for and helping household members. Respondents were also asked about arts-related activities including sports, recreation, socializing, relaxing, arts and crafts, and music appreciation. Additionally, the study provides demographic information--including sex, race, age, educational attainment, occupation, income, marital status, and the presence of children in the household.

For ATUS 2003-2015, 170,842 respondents were randomly selected from a subset of households that have completed their eighth and final month of interviews for the Current Population Survey (CPS). Respondents were interviewed only one time about how they spent their time on the previous day, where they were, and whom they were with.

Statistics for this infographic were taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Economic News Release: American Time Use Survey Summary in Table 12 (last modified on June 24, 2016).

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
American Time Use Survey, 2003-2015 [United States]: Arts Activities (ICPSR 36268)

Consumer Expenditures on Entertainment in 2014

Plays, theater, opera, concerts
The United States consumers spent an average of $48.58 on admissions to plays, theater, opera, and concerts in 2014. The spending ranged from a low of $11.51 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $119.03 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

Movies, parks, museums
The United States consumers spent an average of $58.71 on admissions to movies, parks, and museums in 2014. The spending ranged from a low of $18.77 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $134.64 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) program provides information on the buying habits of American consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics. The survey data are collected for the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the United States Census Bureau. The CE collects all on all spending components including food, housing, apparel and services, transportation, entertainment, and out-of-pocket health care costs.

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the unpublished integrated CE tables produced by the BLS. The tables used for this infographic provide data for the year 2014. The tables show average and percentile expenditures for detailed items, as well as the standard error and coefficient of variation (CV) for each spending estimate.

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
Consumer Expenditure Survey Summary Tables (ICPSR 36170)

Arts Attendance and Educational Attainment

Percent of adults who attended a visual or performing arts event in 2015:

• All U.S. adults: 44.3 percent
• U.S. adults holding bachelor's degrees or higher: 67.2 percent

In 2015, 44.3 percent of all U.S. adults attended a visual or performing arts event. However, among adults holding bachelor's degrees or higher levels of education, 67.2 percent attended.

The 2015 Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) studied American adults' participation in various artistic activities from February 2014 through February 2015. A total of 151,788 U.S. adults responded to the 2015 AABS. If the selected person had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

These statistics were taken from Research Brief #5: Job Analysis of Arts Participants available through NEA's Arts Data Profile #10.

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS), 2015 (ICPSR 36424)

Gradual upward trend in visits to buildings, neighborhoods, parks, or monuments, 2012-2015

U.S. adults who visited sites for their historic or design value:

• 2012: 24 percent
• 2013: 26 percent
• 2015: 27 percent

In 2015, 27 percent of U.S. adults visited sites for their historic or design value. That rate represented a small increase from the 2013 rate (26 percent), and it was up from the 24 percent in 2012.

The Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS) for years 2013 and 2015 studied American adults' participation in various artistic activities from February 2012 through February 2013 and February 2014 through February 2015. A total of 150,827 U.S. adults responded to the 2013 AABS, while 151,788 U.S. adults responded to the 2015 AABS. If the selected person had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

The Survey of Public Participation in the Arts in 2012 examined American adults' participation in the arts and other leisure activities. Most SPPA questions asked about arts participation in the last 12-months (July 1, 2011- July 1, 2012). A total of 35,735 U.S. adults responded. If the selected person had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

These statistics were taken from Research Brief #1: Visual and Performing Arts Attendance; MovieGoing; Literary Reading; and Learning through Arts Classes or Lessons available through NEA's Arts Data Profile #10.

This infographic is related to the following datasets:
Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (SPPA), 2012 (ICPSR 35168)
Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS), 2013 (ICPSR 36412)
Annual Arts Basic Survey (AABS), 2015 (ICPSR 36424)

High School Student Experience with the Arts, Fall 2009-Spring 2012

Students:
Percentage of high school students who participated in arts-related activities outside school during 9th, 10th, or 11th grade since fall 2009:

• Music or dance: 35%
• Art: 20%
• Drama: 13%

Parents:
Percentage of parents during the academic year 2011-2012 who took their 11th-grade children to:

• A play, concert or live show: 56%
• An art museum or exhibit: 28%

The High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 followed students from 9th grade through the end of 12th grade to examine how choices of academic and extracurricular activities relate to decisions for post-secondary education and employment. A total of 23,503 students responded from over 900 high schools. The study surveyed students about their academic behavior (e.g., attendance, study habits); attitudes and beliefs (e.g., self-efficacy); social and cultural experiences; and emphasizes exposure to STEM activities. The study also surveyed the students' parents, school administrators, counselors, and science and math teachers to determine how these individuals influenced students' postsecondary plans. This study also includes transcript information.

This data collection also provides data on arts-related topics, including student participation in outside of schools arts activities; credit hours of art classes taken; GPA from art classes; and parent lead arts experiences.

This analysis was conducted using data from the High School Longitudinal Study, 2009-2013 [United States]. Data are weighted.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
High School Longitudinal Study, 2009-2013 [United States] (ICPSR 36423)

Motion Picture & Video Production: Employment and Payroll in California, 2012

In 2012, 71,229 people were employed in Motion picture and video production in California with $7.5 billion in annual payroll.

In California during the same year, 303,838 people were employed in the entire Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation industry with $13.4 billion in annual payroll.

The Economic Census is the United States Government's official five-year measure of American business and the economy. It is conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau, and response is required by law. In October through December 2012, forms were sent out to nearly 4 million businesses, including large, medium and small companies representing all U.S. locations and industries. Respondents were asked to provide a range of operational and performance data for their companies.

The 2012 statistics for the Motion picture and video production industry in California were drawn from the Fun Facts about the Geographic Area Series available on the Economic Census website. The 2012 statistics for the Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation industry in California were drawn from the American FactFinder also available on the Economic Census website.

This infographic is related to the following data collection:
Economic Census (ICPSR 36382)

Consumer Expenditures on Entertainment in 2013-2014

Plays, theater, opera, concerts
The United States consumers spent an average of $40.80 on admissions to plays, theater, opera, and concerts in 2013-2014. The spending ranged from a low of $12.16 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $115.47 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

Movies, parks, museums
The United States consumers spent an average of $53.34 on admissions to movies, parks, and museums in 2013-2014. The spending ranged from a low of $16.86 in the lowest spending percentile (the lowest 20 percent) to a high of $123.35 in the highest spending percentile (the highest 20 percent).

The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE) program provides information on the buying habits of American consumers, including data on their expenditures, income, and consumer unit (families and single consumers) characteristics. The survey data are collected for the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the United States Census Bureau. The CE collects all on all spending components including food, housing, apparel and services, transportation, entertainment, and out-of-pocket health care costs.

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from the unpublished integrated CE tables produced by the BLS. These tables used for this infographic cover the period spanning the third quarter of 2013 through the fourth quarter of 2014. The tables show average and percentile expenditures for detailed items, as well as the standard error and coefficient of variation (CV) for each spending estimate.

This infographic is related to the following datasets:
Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2013: Diary Survey Files (ICPSR 36275)
Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2013: Interview Survey and Detailed Expenditure Files (ICPSR 36237)

Imports and Exports of Arts and Cultural Goods and Services, 2013 (in millions)

Exports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $15,930
• Advertising: $7,138
• Jewelry & Silverware: $8,058
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $3,659

Imports:

• Movies & TV Shows: $4,127
• Advertising: $2,803
• Jewelry & Silverware: $12,214
• Book, Newspaper, and Magazine Publishing: $1,558

In 2013, these arts and culture related commodities generated over $21 billion in imports and close to $35 billion in exports for the U.S. economy. For a more details on imports and exports of arts and cultural goods and services in the U.S., please refer to Arts and Cultural Issue Brief #7 on the National Endowment for the Arts website.

The Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ACPSA) is produced through the partnership between U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA). Built with the BEA's input-output (I-O) accounts, the ACPSA provides detailed statistics that illustrate the impact of arts and cultural production on the U.S. economy. Specifically, this account provides an assessment of the arts and cultural sector's contributions to gross domestic product (GDP).

These Infographics were taken from Arts and Cultural Issue Brief #7 available through NEA's Arts Data Profile #9.

These infographics are related to the following data collection:
Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (ICPSR 36357)

Education Matters:
Time Spent Per Weekday Watching TV and Reading in 2014

On an average day, individuals without a high school diploma watch 110 minutes more TV than those with college degrees. They also spend less daily time reading—typically 15 minutes less than time spent reading by college graduates.

Watching TV included watching television and movies (not religious and religious).

Reading included reading any materials for personal interest.

NOTE: Data used for this infographic referred to persons 25 years and over.

The American Time Use Survey (ATUS) measures the amount of time people spend doing various activities, such as work and work-related activities, personal care, household activities, consumer purchases, volunteering, and caring for and helping household members. Respondents were also asked about arts-related activities including sports, recreation, socializing, relaxing, arts and crafts, and music appreciation. Additionally, the study provides demographic information--including sex, race, age, educational attainment, occupation, income, marital status, and the presence of children in the household.

For ATUS 2003-2014, 159,937 respondents were randomly selected from a subset of households that have completed their eighth and final month of interviews for the Current Population Survey (CPS). Respondents were interviewed only one time about how they spent their time on the previous day, where they were, and whom they were with.

Data for this infographic were taken from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Economic News Release: American Time Use Survey Summary in Table 11 (last modified on June 24, 2015).

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
American Time Use Survey, 2003-2014: Arts Activities (ICPSR 36268)

Museum Attendance

On an average day, museums draw more than 500,000 people. And on an average weekend day or holiday, this figure climbs to 885,000 people.

NOTE: Data used for this infographic referred to American Time Use Survey's averages for years 2005-2009.

The American Time Use Survey (ATUS) measures the amount of time people spend doing various activities, such as work and work-related activities, personal care, household activities, consumer purchases, volunteering, and caring for and helping household members. Respondents were also asked about arts-related activities including sports, recreation, socializing, relaxing, arts and crafts, and music appreciation. Additionally, the study provides demographic information--including sex, race, age, educational attainment, occupation, income, marital status, and the presence of children in the household. More specifically, ATUS data contain details about residents living in households in the United States that are at least 15 years of age, with the exception of active military personnel and people residing in institutions such as nursing homes and prisons.

Statistics for this infographic were drawn from Time and Money: Using Federal Data to Measure the Value of Performing Art Activities. (NEA Research Note #102; April 2011).

In addition, ATUS averages for 2005-2009 in NEA Research Note #102 show that most visitors spent 2.4 hours (2 hours and 24 minutes) at museums. Museum attendance was decidedly a late-morning and early-afternoon activity. At 10:00 am, for example, 34 percent of participants were visiting museums. Museum attendance peaked between noon and 1:00 pm.

This infographic is related to the following dataset:
American Time Use Survey, 2003-2014: Arts Activities (ICPSR 36268)

Arts & Culture in American Life

Percent of U.S. adults who:

• Read books: 58%
• Access music via mobile devices: 34%
• Dance socially: 32%
• Do artistic photography/photo editing: 18%
• Attend plays or musicals: 18%

The Survey of Public Participation in the Arts in 2012 examined American adults' participation in the arts and other leisure activities. Most SPPA questions asked about arts participation in the last 12-months (July 1, 2011- July 1, 2012). A total of 35,735 U.S. adults responded. If the selected person had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

Read books includes reading any books with the exception of books required for work or school.

Access music via mobile devices includes downloading, watching, or listening to any music using a smart phone, MP3 player, e-book reader, or a laptop, notebook, or tablet computer.

Dance socially includes dancing at weddings, clubs, or other social settings

Do artistic photography/photo editing includes taking any photographs as an artistic activity or doing any photo editing

Attend plays or musicals includes going to a live performance of a musical or nonmusical stage play

These Infographics were taken from How a Nation Engages with Art: Highlights from the 2012 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (NEA Research Report #57; September 2013, October 2014 Revision). For these results, adults are counted multiple times if they participated in more than one category.

These Infographics are related to the following dataset:
Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (SPPA), 2012 (ICPSR 35168)

Viewing or Listening to the Arts

Percent of U.S. adults who participated in:

• Moviegoing: 59%
• Voluntary Reading: 58%
• Visual or Performing Arts Attendance: 49%
• Arts Consumption through Electronic Media: 71%

The Survey of Public Participation in the Arts in 2012 examined American adults' participation in the arts and other leisure activities. Most SPPA questions asked about arts participation in the last 12-months (July 1, 2011- July 1, 2012). A total of 35,735 U.S. adults responded. If the selected person had a spouse or partner, then the respondent answered questions on behalf of their spouse/partner.

Moviegoing includes going out to the movies or going to see a film.

Reading includes reading any books with the exception of books required for work or school.

Visual/Performing Arts Attendance includes going to a live performance with the exception of elementary or high school performances. Live performances included jazz; Latin, Spanish, or salsa music; classical music; opera; musical stage play; nonmusical stage play; ballet; modern, contemporary, folk, traditional, or tap dance; any other music, theater, or dance performance.

Via Electronic Media
Adults are included in this category if they did at least one of the following:

• Used a TV or radio to watch or listen to, or used the Internet to watch, listen to or download any Jazz; Latin, Spanish, or salsa music; classical music; opera; other music such as rock, pop, country, folk, rap, or hip-hop; theater productions; ballet, modern, or contemporary dance, other dance, programs or information about the visual arts, such as painting, sculpture, graphic design, photography; programs or information about books or writers; and book, short stories, or poetry read aloud..
• Used a DVD or CD player or record or tape player to watch or listen to music or programs about theater, dance, visual arts, or literature
• Used any handheld or mobile devices to:
  • Read, listen to, or download any novels, short stories, poetry or plays
  • Download, watch, or listen to any music
  • Watch, listen to, or download any theater or dance performances?
  • Download or view any visual arts such as painting, sculpture, graphic design, or photography

These Infographics were taken from How a Nation Engages with Art: Highlights from the 2012 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (NEA Research Report #57; September 2013, October 2014 Revision). For these results, adults are counted multiple times if they participated in more than one category. Respondents were given examples of handheld or mobile devices, including a smart phone, MP3 player, e-book reader, or a laptop, notebook, or tablet computer.

These Infographics are related to the following dataset:
Survey of Public Participation in the Arts (SPPA), 2012 (ICPSR 35168)

Sharing the Arts Experience

Percent of survey respondents who in the past year:

Of the 46% who attended a live performance: the performance attended was dance 27%, theater 40%, and music 72%.

The General Social Survey (GSS) collects information from the general public on a wide variety of subjects, including attitudes toward social issues, religion, education, jobs and the economy, government and other institutions, politics, and policy issues. The GSS 2012 included a "Cultural Module," a battery of questions focused on culture and the arts.

Art exhibits included those for painting, sculpture, textiles, graphic design, and photography.

Live performances included music, theater, and dance, and did not include elementary or high school performances.

The 2012 GSS Cultural Module data also asked who the respondent attended with, if the performance attended was free, factors that impacted the decision to attend or not attend, and demographic information including age, sex, race, and income.

These Infographics were taken from General Social Survey, 2012 Merged Data, Including a Cultural Module [United States]. Data are weighted.

These Infographics are related to the following dataset:
General Social Survey, 2012 Merged Data, Including a Cultural Module (ICPSR 35478)